Saturday, May 16, 2015

River of Dark Dreams: The Mississippi Valley Cotton Kingdom

http://medias.photodeck.com/58707a52-3d7d-11e0-9d2d-a3808f320550/000537_xgaplus.jpg

From the Wall Street Journal Bookshelf,  "When the South Was Flat: The brutal "slave-ocracy" along the Mississippi was far more integrated with the global economy than is often suggested," by Mark M. Smith, on 22 February 2013  -- Observers today speak breathlessly about the global economy and the flatness of the world's financial system as if those were recent trends. Such observations are at least a couple of centuries too late.

In the decades leading up to the American Civil War, the Mississippi Valley grew increasingly flat, physically as well as financially. Slaves there cut down a lot of trees. "Whole forests were literally dragged out by the roots," recalled one bondman. In the process of this radical deforestation, slaveholders literally flattened their world and, in a practical sense, accelerated a process of cotton production and capital accumulation that thoroughly embedded them in the transatlantic economy. The arduous work that slaves performed on the region's plantations, the cotton they grew and the capital they helped planters generate were intimately connected to the cotton traders (called "factors") in New Orleans, the merchant houses of New York and Liverpool, and the textile mills of Britain. As the planters surveyed their world from the banks of the mighty Mississippi, they understood fully their place in this Atlantic arc and began to dream of new connections, especially with Cuba and Nicaragua, links they hoped would secure the future of their slaveholding society.

http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/51n1kUwcL%2BL._SY344_BO1,204,203,200_.jpg 
River of Dark Dreams: Slavery and Empire in the Cotton Kingdom; By Walter Johnson

It was not supposed to happen this way. The Louisiana Purchase, all 828,000 square miles of it acquired in 1803 for a piddling $15 million, was supposed to protect and project liberty. Thomas Jefferson envisioned an empire populated with self-sufficient, non-commercial white men. In their stead, as Walter Johnson, a professor of history at Harvard University, shows in "River of Dark Dreams: Slavery and Empire in the Cotton Kingdom," came an exceptionally rapacious slaveocracy, which dominated the region's political economy and subordinated freedom to the irresistible imperatives of a robust, thriving and relentlessly exploitative system.

The Mississippi Valley (which runs through parts of Louisiana, Mississippi, Arkansas, Tennessee and Missouri) emerged, Mr. Johnson writes, as the "credit-importing, cotton-exporting leading edge of the global economy of the nineteenth century." A rabidly speculative spirit drove the process, and the flush times of the 1830s gave rise to booms in the region's powerful economic triptych: cotton, land and slaves. Into this maelstrom of unabashed acquisitiveness stepped the speculators: the land grabbers, the merchants, the slave traders. Riverboat operators also figured prominently, with steamboats able to move considerable freight upriver, melting away barriers of time and space. By the eve of the Civil War, steamboats carried over $200 million of trade, mainly in cotton, and were a leading sector in the region's economy.

http://philschatz.com/us-history-book/resources/CNX_History_12_01_Levee.jpg

In Mr. Johnson's telling, the antebellum Mississippi Valley is an unexpectedly modern place, more technologically advanced than the mills of Massachusetts or Manchester and certainly just as connected to and driven by the dictates of the world economy. The technology powering steamboats, for example, was new, designed to overcome the river's mighty flow, pushing goods and people upstream at an impressive if not always safe speed. The textile mills of the North and Britain, by contrast, still relied on an ancient, riparian technology, one hostage to the force of gravity. As Mr. Johnson notes: "A mere handful of the steamboats docked along the levee in New Orleans on any given day could have run the entire factory at Lowell."

A great deal of the capital underwriting this technology came directly from the North and Britain. New Orleans bankers managed the circulation of Northern and British capital in the region. With that capital, planters bought slaves, the human capital to cultivate cotton. The slave traders—there were as many as 20 establishments in New Orleans in the antebellum period whose sole business was the buying and selling of bondpeople—thus completed the dismal if highly profitable circuit in capital and labor.


The forces underwriting the region's feverish economic development were also making it a place where uncertainty prevailed. Numerous slaves in the Mississippi Valley were engaged in fomenting insurrection—hundreds of them, armed with axes and shovels, marched on New Orleans in 1811—or resisting the exploitation of their labor by running away or by taking from their masters the food and drink usually denied them. Paper currency could not always be trusted (it was frequently unbacked, and bills of exchange were often far removed from the original issuer). Steamboat travel was highly dangerous, and on land or river, no one was entirely sure of the true character or, indeed, the race of those they encountered in this booming region (was that a light-skinned slave or a free white man?). There was an imprecise, speculative air. But things got done, impressively if sordidly. By 1840, Mr. Johnson writes, there were "more millionaires per capita in the Mississippi Valley than anywhere else in the United States."
 http://imgc.allpostersimages.com/images/P-473-488-90/37/3761/9TVZF00Z/posters/black-stevedores-loading-bales-on-the-cotton-wharf-in-charleston-south-carolina-1870s.jpg
Mr. Johnson's appreciation of the global and imperial aspirations of Mississippi Valley slaveholders helps us to make sense of the events leading up to the Civil War. These "full-throttle capitalists" were filled with expansionist zeal. Valley planters and politicians made dedicated efforts to overthrow Cuba's Spanish colonial government in the 1850s. They feared what might happen if the anti-slavery British gained control of Cuba. Emancipation there might inspire slave insurrections and even race wars in their own part of the world. More optimistically, they thought Cuba could be the key to further economic success, valley-style. "It is sufficient to look over the extensive valley of the Mississippi," wrote one supporter of annexation, "to understand that the natural direction of its growth, the point of connection of its prodigious European commerce and of its rational defense, is Cuba." So, too, with Nicaragua. If Cuba functioned as the imperial slaveholders' transatlantic connection, Nicaragua, at least in the conviction of William Walker (who invaded the country in 1855, proclaimed himself president and promptly reinstituted slavery), represented the slaveholders' ambitions to link to the Pacific. (Walker was overthrown by local troops and shot in Honduras in 1860 after another attempt to establish a colony.)

Louisiana and Mississippi slaveholders were keen to reopen the African slave trade in the late 1850s, which, the thinking went, would allow more whites to own slaves and dilute the tensions from an emerging class of slaveless whites. (As slave prices spiked in the late antebellum period, fewer whites were able to move into the ranks of the small slaveholding class.) For the slaveholders and merchants of New Orleans and the Mississippi Valley, "the issues of Nicaragua and the Atlantic slave trade were more important than the question of Kansas (dismissed by many as a fight over a place where no real slaveholder would ever want to live anyway) and more important than what was happening in Congress."
http://images.delcampe.com/img_large/auction/000/283/302/762_001.jpg
The valley slaveholders do not fit the standard narrative of the coming of the Civil War, which tends to stress the centrality of expansion into western lands. Their sense of liberty was rooted less in expansion westward to places that seemed unlikely to support cotton culture and far more in efforts to repopulate the South with fresh slaves and to acquire territory outside of the United States where slavery would be more secure.

In this depiction, the coming of the Civil War assumes more of a regional flavor and less of a sectional one. Different imperatives operated in different regions of the South. Exporters of slaves in the upper South (roughly a million people were sold "down river" between 1820 and 1860) were reluctant to reopen the slave trade. Their overriding concern was maintaining their role as the South's exporter of slaves and, by extension, their own economic well-being. "Open the Slave Trade and what will our Negroes be worth?" asked one Virginia editor nervously.

Yet it is important to remember that Mr. Johnson is describing what did not happen rather than what did—what he calls "the history of alternative visions." The slave trade was not reopened, and expeditions in the Caribbean were largely bungled affairs involving relatively few people—more than half of whom, in the case of Walker's Nicaraguan adventure, were not from the valley or the South at all but were, rather, Northern adventurers. The fact that this particular vision of a pro-slavery future never came to pass only emphasizes that these same slaveholders did eventually secede and fight in a war, even if it was for what Mr. Johnson calls "a sort of lowest common dominator," a "politics of negation—of seceding from."

http://steamboats.com/jpgs/HarperGoff%20SteamboatCalendarArtHalf%20Size.jpg

And more than the politics of negation may have linked the Mississippi Valley slaveholders with others elsewhere in the South. Pro-slavery political economists (whom Mr. Johnson examines in detail) were harsh critics of free wage labor and liberal capitalism, but so were the influential pro-slavery divines and theologians (whom Mr. Johnson slights). They saw liberal capitalism as a profound threat to the social hierarchy, which was rooted in self-serving claims about paternalism, the enduring value and desirability of organic social and economic relations, and the intimate connection between slaveholding society writ large and the integrity of individual, patriarchal white households. The arguments developed and circulated by the pro-slavery theologians resonated with slaveholders and non-slaveholders throughout the South.

Recognizing such features of Southern society, as well as acknowledging the tortured way in which paternalism braided together the lives of the enslaved and the enslavers, goes some way toward "unflattening" the world Mr. Johnson describes. Nonetheless, "River of Dark Dreams" is an important, arguably seminal, book. If sometimes dense, it is always trenchant and learned. And in highly compelling fashion, it helps us more fully appreciate how thoroughly the slaveholding South was part of the capitalist transatlantic world of the first half of the 19th century.  [source: The Wall Street Journal]


437 comments:

  1. As Dr. Johnson stated, Karl Marx absented the slavery factor in his economic dialectic. I also see American History carrying the same "ghost."

    If the economic consequences of slavery on American ascendance onto the world stage in conjunction with the further Native American conquest, ecological factors, etc. that Dr. Johnson included, were a taught in American History, maybe students would find it engrossing.

    I grew up in the 1950's. When I started watching "The History Channel" in the 1990's, it was a very rude awakening. History became vicious, bloody, self-serving, capricious --not at all the sterile subject I hated.

    I want to find a 1950 textbook to revisit how the gore had been transformed when I learned it? This is something "The Zinn Reader" had discussed.

    ReplyDelete
  2. Thanks for the best blog.it was very useful for me.keep sharing such ideas in the future as well.this was actually what i was looking for,and i am glad to came here!
    Friv 123

    ReplyDelete
  3. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  4. thank you for your interest in welcome visit
    Friv 4

    ReplyDelete
  5. We should implement that in practically then only we can understand that exact thing clearly, but it’s no need to do it, because you have explained the concepts very well.

    SEO Training in Chennai

    ReplyDelete
  6. invites you to play games for a chance to win cars Corolla Altis car


    Friv Games
    Kizi 100
    Games2Win

    ReplyDelete
  7. شركة زهرة العلا للخرمات المنزلية بالسعودية واحدة من افضل الشركات التي تعمل بالمجال يرجع كل هذا الي الثقة والسرعة والدقة وجودة الخدمة التي تقدم للعميل ولافضل الاسعار الممكنة مع الحفاظ علي الجودة ونوعية المبيدات ومواد النظافة واثرها علي البيئة وصحة الاسرة كما ان الموارد البشرية الخاصة بنا علي اعلي دراية وفهم بالامور وذو خبرات طويلة في مكافحة الحشرات,النظافة العامة مثل الفلل,الشقق,الواجهات الزجاجية والحجرية,البلاط والرخام,الحدائق,المسابح وغيرها من امور النظافة كما انهم يجيدون التعامل مع كافة الاثاث الخشبي والزجاجي وغيرها والقيام باعمال النقل والفك والتركيب والتغليف بواسطة النجارين المحترفين كما يوجد لدينا افخك مستودعات تخزين الاثاث بالرياض والمتميز بالصفات القياسية للحفاظ علي العفش من الاتربة والرطوبة وغيرها من الامور التي تؤدي الي التلف فقط للحصول علي الخدمات المنفردة اتصل بنا علي الارقام الموضحة بالموقع ليصلك مندوبنا للمعاينة المجانية واعطاء النصائح والارشادات شركة مكافحة حشرات بالباحة
    شركه مكافحة حشرات بالرياض
    مكافحة البق بالمدينة
    افضل شركة تركيب باركية بالرياض
    غرف نوم بالرياض واسعارها
    شركة تخزين الاثاث بالرياض
    اسعار فرش المساجد بالرياض
    كشف تسربات المياه بالباحة
    شركات غسيل موكيت بالدمام

    ReplyDelete
  8. Thanks for sharing the information. It is very useful for my future. keep sharing. Can you play more games at: Friv 10000 | Kizi 4 | happy wheels

    ReplyDelete
  9. This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.

    ReplyDelete
  10. For the increasingly thin, thick increasingly belly fat. If only these two can proportional together, also can try that endure. One can fat to rich, then use the money to go exercise, go for beautiful aesthetics up, but no one uses fat to survive for themselves through getting on.
    b612 , run , geometry dash , snapchat download , download musicas

    ReplyDelete
  11. Thanks for sharing this quality information with us. I really enjoyed reading. I think I need it.
    y5games
    popgames
    friv2018
    Twizl
    zoxy
    pakegames
    friv.rocks
    y1-games

    ReplyDelete
  12. Mở mang được nhiều kiến thức, cảm ơn tác giả nhiều chi phí đeo bi cho cậu nhỏ Nếu anh nào yếu sinh lý:thì gọi bên em tư vấn nhiệt tình nhé cách gắn bi vào cu Đa khoa Âu Á với hơn 10 năm kinh nghiệm : điều trị yếu sinh lý uy tín nhất hồ chí minh

    ReplyDelete
  13. Awesome post Thanks For Sharing People also like this
    SBILifeInsurance I really really appreciate this article

    ReplyDelete
  14. Semoga informasinya membantu gan dan tunggu info selanjutnya dan salam sehat.
    http://obatinfeksikelaminwanita.walatragamat.com/

    ReplyDelete
  15. http://pencegahanpenyakitmagkronis.blogspot.com/

    ReplyDelete
  16. I am looking for some good blog sites for studying. I was searching over search engines and found your blog site. Well i like your high quality blog site design plus your posting abilities. Keep doing it.

    PSD to Wordpress
    wordpress website development

    ReplyDelete
  17. Terimakasih dengan infonya gan dan terus kunjungi di webset kami ya gan. salam sehat
    obathidrokel.walatragamat.com

    ReplyDelete
  18. I really thank you for the valuable info on this great subject and look forward to more great posts. Thanks a lot for enjoying this beauty article with me. I am appreciating it very much! Looking forward to another great article. Good luck to the author! All the best!
    hotmail email login

    ReplyDelete
  19. thanks for share post such a nice thought....
    and also check it appvn apk

    ReplyDelete
  20. Our digital marketing course in Chennai is targeted at those who are desirous of taking advantage of career opportunities in digital marketing. Marketing professionals who are presently using traditional marketing to meet their business objectives. Start-ups, Entrepreneurs, Business Owners who desire to make use of online media to improve their business goals and objectives.

    Digital Marketing Course in Chennai
    Digital Marketing Training in Chennai
    Online Digital Marketing Training
    SEO Training in Chennai
    Digital Marketing Course
    Digital Marketing Training
    Digital Marketing Courses

    ReplyDelete
  21. I really liked your article and the photo is super. Thanks you.

    ReplyDelete
  22. You post was really nice,very useful and good.
    world hot actress,actor,actress,celebrity email addresses,act email address,actor salary,phone number,address,whatsapp numbers,personal contact details
    visit
    www.godfaceu.blogspot.com

    ReplyDelete

  23. Hello! This is my first visit to your blog! We are a team of volunteers and starting a new initiative in a community in the same niche. Your blog provided us useful information to work on. You have done an outstanding job.
    AWS Training in Chennai | Amazon Web Services Training in Chennai
    AWS Training in Bangalore | Best AWS Training in Bangalore
    AWS Online Training and Certification | AWS Certification Course 2019

    ReplyDelete
  24. AFFORDABLE BUSINESS/COMPANY/PROJECT/PERSONAL LOAN.

    Do you require funding for Business investment, Real estate development or Personal loan without cost/stress or Credit check? We are investors providing reliable loans to individual and funding for business and projects setup. Do you need a genuine, reputable and fast loan? We offer loan ranging from $5,000.00 thousand to $700,000.00 with a low interest rate of 2% and loan duration of 1 to 25 years to pay back the loan secure and unsecured. Interested individuals should contact us via Call/Text Phone (470) 575-1336 or contact us via Email AXISFUNDCAPITAL@GMAIL.COM

    Thank You,

    Phillips Downing.
    Axis Fund Capital
    AXISFUNDCAPITAL@GMAIL.COM Customer Service Representative.

    ReplyDelete
  25. I think this is the best article today about the future technology. Thanks for taking your own time to discuss this topic, I feel happy about that curiosity has increased to learn more about this topic. Artificial Intelligence Training in Bangalore. Keep sharing your information regularly for my future reference.

    ReplyDelete
  26. Looking to add extra style to your content, make use of our strikethrough Text Generator to add amazing line through text in desired platform. Strikethrough in Google Docs.

    ReplyDelete
  27. Thanks For Sharing Your Information Please Keep Updating Us Time Went On Just Reading The Article Data Science Online Training Python Online Training Devops Online Training Aws Online Training

    ReplyDelete
  28. Thank you for your post. This is excellent information. It is amazing and wonderful to visit your site.
    Even we r on same page. could u just give a review.
    python online training
    Best python online training
    python online training in Hyderabad
    python online training in india

    ReplyDelete
  29. Outstanding blog thanks for sharing such wonderful blog with us ,after long time came across such knowlegeble blog. keep sharing such informative blog with us.
    apple service center chennai
    apple service center in chennai
    apple mobile service centre in chennai
    apple service center near me

    ReplyDelete
  30. BSNL Speed Test:- Today the high-speed internet is considered as the most important requirement of an internet connection.

    bsnl speed test bandwidth meter

    ReplyDelete
  31. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  32. Good Post! Thank you so much for sharing this pretty post,
    it was so good to read and useful to improve my knowledge as updated one, keep blogging.
    uipath online training

    ReplyDelete
  33. I'm 15 years old. I was born with HIV my mother passed away because of the HIV infection And I regret why i never met Dr Itua he could have cured my mum for me because as a single mother it was very hard for my mother I came across Dr itua healing words online about how he cure different disease in different races diseases like HIV/Aids Herpes,Parkison,Asthma,Copd,Epilepsy,Shingles,Cold Sore,Infertility, Chronic Fatigues Syndrome,Fibromyalgia, Diabetes Hepatitis even Cancer I was so excited but frighten at same time because I haven't come across such thing article online then I contacted Dr Itua on Mail drituaherbalcenter@gmail.com I also chat with him on what's app +2348149277967 he tells me how it works then I tell him I want to proceed I paid him so swiftly Colorado post office I receive my herbal medicine within 4/5 working days he gave me guild lines to follow and here am I living healthy again can imagine how god use men to manifest his works am I writing in all articles online to spread the god work of Dr Itua Herbal Medicine,He's a Great Man.

    ReplyDelete
  34. The blog you have posted is more informative for us... thanks for sharing with us...
    R Training Institute in Chennai | R Programming Training in Chennai

    ReplyDelete
  35. Nice post. it is very interesting and informative. Thank you for the sharing.
    Best Ice Fishing Gloves Best Ice Fishing Gloves Best Ice Fishing Gloves

    ReplyDelete
  36. Unfortunately there are a lot of AIDS/Herpes denials on Herbal cures still out there. I did research on them after I was tested HIV/Herpes positive I was so worried am I going to die soon. I continue my search again on herbal remedy for Std, then I found lots of testimony on how Dr Itua Herbal Medicine Cured HIV/Aids, Herpes Virus,Copd, Hepatitis, Diabetes, On websites sharing their testimonies, which made much more sense to me. All the authors pronounce Dr Itua As a man with Good Heart, I pick interest in their testimonies and I contact him about my situation then he gave me procedure how it works, I proceed after one week he courier his Herbal Medicine to me and instruct me on how to drink it for two weeks to cure. I receive His Herbal Medicine so I drank it for two weeks as I was told then after 2 days I go for a test I found out I was cured from HIV/Aids & Herpes Virus, I pay homage to him 2 months ago to his country to celebrate with him on his African festival which he told me it usually happens every year. I know there are lots of (HIV)/Aids&Herpes Virus denials of Herbal Remedy movement the same few doctors and they represent a very small faction of the community. I could have died because I refused Natural Herbs Cures for so long, but luckily, by the grace of God I am alive to tell my story. Contact Info...Whatsapp Number...+2348149277967,Email...drituaherbalcenter@gmail.com/My Instagram Username...avat5634 Just in case you need someone to talk with.

    ReplyDelete
  37. I like your blog, I read this blog please update more content on hacking,Nice post
    Excellent Blog , I appreciate your hard work ,it is useful

    Tableau online Training

    Android Training

    Data Science Course

    Dot net Course

    iOS development course

    ReplyDelete

  38. Outstanding blog thanks for sharing such wonderful blog with us ,after long time came across such knowlegeble blog. keep sharing such informative blog with us.

    Check out : big data training in velachery
    big data hadoop training cost in chennai
    big data training in chennai omr
    big data training in chennai velachery

    ReplyDelete
  39. Whatscr - many peoples want to join random whatsapp groups . as per your demand we are ready to serve you whatsapp group links . On this website you can join unlimited groups . click and get unlimited whatsapp group links

    ReplyDelete
  40. Thank you for sharing a nice blog post.

    ReplyDelete
  41. Wonderful blog! This is very informative site. I am totally pleased by your excellent work. Many thanks for sharing.
    Brother Printer Support

    ReplyDelete
  42. Nice work and I read your post, My friend recommended this blog and he was totally right keep up the good work, really, it left me so much impressed with this article, I hope you will have more great articles to share with readers, thank you the post.Thank you for this great article i read your post you really work well i learn a lot form your post keep it up. i follow your blog for learning something new.
    status about friendship
    खतरनाक शायरी 2019
    mahakal status in hindi
    cute love status in hindi

    ReplyDelete
  43. I really happy found this website eventually. Really informative and inoperative! Thanks for the post and effort! Please keep sharing more such article. I've really like your blog and inspire me in many ways. Fix Error Code 0x80240438 on Windows 10

    ReplyDelete
  44. here is the huge collection of whatsapp groups which contains PORN, ROMANTIC, SHAYRI. Click on below link to join
    join adult(18+) whatsapp groups

    ReplyDelete
  45. Hey buddy, I must say you have written a great post. Thanks for sharing it!! The way you have described everything is phenomenal. Fix Ms Office 2013 Failed Error Code 80070663

    ReplyDelete
  46. Really outstanding article. Keep it up. Thanks. Have a look at this Great CarGame

    ReplyDelete
  47. This is Very very nice article. Everyone should read. Thanks for sharing. Don't miss WORLD'S BEST Wall Coverings In Mumbai

    ReplyDelete
  48. Great post! I am actually getting ready to across this information, is very helpful my friend. Also great blog here with all of the valuable information you have. Keep up the good work you are doing here.Fix HP Printer Error Code and Messages Call +1-888-209-3034 Toll-Free/

    ReplyDelete
  49. Thank you for posting such a great blog! I found your website perfect for my needs. It contains wonderful and helpful posts. Keep up the good work. Thank you for this wonderful Blog! Fix Canon Printer Error Code 5100

    ReplyDelete
  50. this is the one of the best articles
    https://pankajtiwarii.blogspot.com/2013/11/ssrs-interview-questions-and-answers.html?showComment=1557897939654#c3210280155806212698

    ReplyDelete
  51. Excellent and nice post. This is such a great resource that you are providing and you give it away for free. I love seeing a blog that understands the value. I'm glad to have found this post as its such an interesting one! I have also something very interesting for you. Visit our blog post-
    How To Fix Mac Error Code 1407? +1-888-209-3034

    ReplyDelete

  52. two block hair cut Male hairdos don't frequently will in general turn into a pattern, yet the two square hairstyles have overwhelmed the haircut world.

    ReplyDelete
  53. 1______________
    شركة تنظيف موكيت بالرياض
    نقدم خدماتنا مثل غسيل الموكيت والسجاد وغيرها فالهدف الاول هو راحة العملاء و اكتساب ثقتهم مهما تكلف الامر مع ضمان جودة الخدمات المقدمه و
    سرعة انجازها بكل سهوله و امان و على احدث و افضل الاساليب.
    2______________
    شركة تنظيف شقق بالرياض
    الشقق هى جزء من الفلا او هى احد الاجناحة بالفلا التى قد يمتلكها احد الاشخاص بالعائلة فهى له جانب كبير من الاهتام من خلل شركتنا والتى دائما لها خبرة كبيرة فى مجال النظافة وهنا جاء دور شركة تنظيف الشقق بالرياض .
    3______________
    شركة تنظيف مكيفات بالرياض
    تمتلك افضل الطرق والمعدات في تنظيف الواحدات الداخلية والخاريجة للمكيفات توفر تنظيف المكيفات الاسبلت الفريون الكاست شركة غسيل مكيفات توفر خدمة تعبئة الفريون بسعر مميز شركة نظافة مكيفات تساعد علي رفع كفاءة التشغيل مرة اخري

    ReplyDelete
  54. You just share the main information that really needed thanks keep writing good work
    ok it's nice thanks for share the article you are doing great keep Share update all time the vertigo and dizziness program pdf
    lost book of remedies pdf
    quantum manifestation code pdf
    my back pain coach review
    15 MINUTE MANIFESTATION EDDIE SERGEY
    the lost ways book pdf

    ReplyDelete
  55. Thanks for providing the information with this post. Post is very nice! By the way, I want to share with you information about the best.we are providing epson printer repairing services if you are face any problem you can visit our site. Epson Error code 0xe3
    and more information dial toll free UK: +44-808-164-5280 and USA: +1-888-633-7151

    ReplyDelete
  56. Wow, what an awesome spot to spend hours and hours! It's beautiful and I'm also surprised that you had it all to yourselves!
    Google Earth is used to travel any place on the earth virtually. By using Google Earth you can check any place on the earth on your desktop also in 3D view. You can also check surfaces of Moon, Mars etc. In this tutorial, you are going to learn how to install Google Earth on Ubuntu 18.04 Linux.

    Prerequisites
    Before you start to install Google Earth on Ubuntu 18.04 Linux. You must have the sudo user account credentials of your system.

    ReplyDelete
  57. Hey buddy, I must say you have written a great arrticle. The way you have described everything is phenomenal. Thanks for sharing it. I have bookmarked your website so that I could learn more things from your blog. microsoft bootstrapper has stopped working

    ReplyDelete
  58. A thesis statement summarises the main points of the paper and persuades the reader that it is worth reading. It is a roadmap to the context of your paper. guide to writing thesis statement

    ReplyDelete
  59. Great article. The topic you shared was awesome. keep sharing. Home lifts | Hydraulic elevators

    ReplyDelete
  60. Scholars from various specialisations of mathematics are part of the custom CPM homework helpers at TopHomeworkhelper. Providing CPM homework help cc2 is a cakewalk to them.

    ReplyDelete
  61. Nice Article! Thanks for sharing such an informative blog! It really Inspired me, keep up the work. Read Also:
    Click safety notes - for articles on health, environment and safety topics.

    ReplyDelete
  62. This is the exact information I am been searching for Products24 Really useful information. Thank you so much for sharing. How to Hack Wifi

    ReplyDelete
  63. This is the exact information I am been searching for Products24 Really useful information. Thank you so much for sharing. How to Hack Wifi

    ReplyDelete
  64. Thanks for posting useful information.You have provided a nice article, Thank you very much for this one. And I hope this will be useful for many people.. and I am waiting for your next post keep on updating these kinds of knowledgeable things...Really it was an awesome article...very interesting to read..please sharing this information......I think your suggestion would be helpful for me. I will let you know if its work for me too. Thanks and keep post such an informative blogs.

    ReplyDelete
  65. hanks for posting useful information.You have provided a nice article, Thank you very much for this one. And I hope this will be useful for many people.. and I am waiting for your next post keep on updating these kinds of knowledgeable things...Really it was an awesome article...very interesting to read..please sharing this information......I think your suggestion would be helpful for me. I will let you know if its work for me too. Thanks and keep post such an informative blogs.

    Askmetraveller

    ReplyDelete
  66. reinstall aol gold desktop for windows 10
    - What are you waiting for in your scheme to download and install AOL Desktop Gold and start the interesting voyage of exploring this software's unique characteristics. You can always refer to AOL Desktop Gold for all kinds of assistance where your query will be answered.

    ReplyDelete
  67. Thanks for this blog, I really enjoyed reading your post. Very informative blog very exciting to know more on this topic. I am also providing technical support for the antivirus. avg retail activation

    ReplyDelete
  68. Hey buddy, I must say you have written a great article. Thanks for sharing it! The way you have explained everything is phenomenal. Great work Keep it up! We are also providing a tech support for the antivirus- avg activation

    ReplyDelete
  69. Hi, I read your post and found it quite interesting. The post you shared is very unique and informative. Thanks for sharing such a useful post. We are also providing the tech support- i have kaspersky activation code

    ReplyDelete
  70. Thank you so much for sharing these amazing tips. I must say you are an incredible writer, I love the way that you describe the things. Please keep sharing. We are providing the services of computer software - Bullguard Login

    ReplyDelete
  71. Thank you so much for sharing these amazing tips. I must say you are an incredible writer, I love the way that you describe the things. Please keep sharing. We are providing the services of computer software - Bullguard Login

    ReplyDelete
  72. Hi, I read your post and found it quite interesting. The post you shared is very unique and informative. Thanks for sharing such a useful post. We are providing tech support for computer software- Bitdefender

    ReplyDelete
  73. Excellent information on your blog, thank you for taking the time to share with us. Amazing insight you have on this, it's nice to find a website the details so much information about different artists. We are providing tech support for computer software- Bitdefender sign in to activate

    ReplyDelete
  74. Welcome to www.avg.com/activation Protect your data, devices, and your family With the development of the digital world, online protection is crucial.

    ReplyDelete
  75. Welcome to www.avg.com/retail Website Support For AVG Retail Enrollment With the development of the digital world, online protection is crucial.

    ReplyDelete
  76. i have kaspersky activation code
    -Welcome to Kaspersky Activate Website, Protect your data, devices, and your family With the development of the digital world, online protection is crucial. It is extremely important to protect your PCs, Mac, computers as well as mobile devices and tablets with Kaspersky Activate.

    ReplyDelete
  77. bullguard login
    - PC security is the way toward anticipating and distinguishing unapproved utilization of your PC. Counteractive action estimates enable you to prevent unapproved clients from getting to any piece of your PC framework.

    ReplyDelete
  78. how to download bitdefender already paid for – Bitdefendera a lightening fast free antivirus offers the best protection for your systems, also it provide you smoothest experience managing and using your Bitdefender products on all of your systems like Windows based, MAC systems and Android Mobile devices.

    ReplyDelete
  79. Welcome to bitdefender sign in to activate
    website to install Bitdefender Internet security and antivirus for Windows.Bitdefender Total Security 2018 delivers multiple layers of protection against ransomware. It uses behavioural threat detection to prevent infections, and protects your most important documents from ransomware encryption. With Bitdefender Total Security 2018, you can stop worrying about losing your data or money, and start enjoying life.

    ReplyDelete
  80. THANKS FOR THIS AWESOME POST, I REALLY FOUND THE ARTICLE WHAT I AM SEARCHING FOR, YOU ARE PROVIDING GREAT KNOWLEDGE THROUGH YOUR WEBSITE, Good Friday Images Free

    ReplyDelete
  81. Wow cool post, thanks for sharing!!!

    Please visit Askmeoffers to grab huge discounts on Shopping with Flipkart Coupons, Flipkart Offers, Flipkart Sale Check out all the Flipkart Promo Codes . Don’t forget to use the Flipkart Deal of the day , Shop more and save more on Flipkart using coupons which are available exclusively @ Askmeoffers

    We have Exclusive information for you to know about Amazon Prime and easy way to contact Flipkart Customer Care Number.

    ReplyDelete
  82. Wonderful article! I have really enjoyed reading this article. The way you have explained everything in it is astounding.
    In case if you are facing any error or problem in your Microsoft Windows you can connect with us – Error Code 30016-4

    ReplyDelete
  83. install, you and your family will be protected in just moments. It’ll then keep protecting you day and night, automatically updating itself.

    Visit: mcafee.com/Activate

    ReplyDelete
  84. What a wonderful article! Wonderfully explained everything in very simple manner. I have read some of your blogs and all of them are amazing. You are doing great work.
    If you are facing any error or problem in your Printer You can connect with us – canon printer error code 6000

    ReplyDelete
  85. Now downloading of any Tamil movie is simple through isaimini Tamil rockers it will really help you a lot.

    ReplyDelete
  86. Awesome post. Good Post. I like your blog. You Post is very informative. Thanks for Sharing.
    Core Java Training in Noida
    Web Designing Training in Noida

    ReplyDelete
  87. KTM Bike launch a super bike KTM 790 Duke in India at a price of Rs. 8.64 Lakh ex-showroom Delhi, Check it MotoBike

    ReplyDelete
  88. This is an awesome post. Really very informative and creative contents. This concept is a good way to enhance knowledge. I like it and help me to development very well. Thank you for this brief explanation and very nice information. Well, got good knowledge.
    Install and Use Docker on CentOS 7

    ReplyDelete
  89. Thank you for this great article
    i learn a lot from your article keep it up.

    ReplyDelete
  90. Very good post, keep sending us such informative articles I visit your website on a regular basis.
    jagranjosh

    ReplyDelete
  91. Wow What A Nice And Great Article, Thank You So Much for Giving Us Such a Nice & Helpful Information, please keep writing and publishing these types of helpful articles, I visit your website regularly.
    current affairs august 2019 yojana magazine pdf download in hindi

    ReplyDelete
  92. I must appreciate you for providing such a valuable content for us. This is one amazing piece of article. Helped a lot in increasing my knowledge.aws training in bangalore

    ReplyDelete
  93. Very good post, keep sending us such informative articles I visit your website on a regular basis.
    best exercise for burning calories and losing weight

    ReplyDelete
  94. I am so proud of you and your efforts and work make me realize that anything can be done with patience and sincerity. Well I am here to say that your work has inspired me without a doubt. Here is i want to share about c# training with Free Bundle videos .

    ReplyDelete
  95. thank you very much for share this wonderful article 토토사이트

    ReplyDelete
  96. What an amazing piece of content. Please do check Birthday wishes for niece

    ReplyDelete
  97. Very good post, keep sending us such informative articles I visit your website on a regular basis.
    school management software erp

    ReplyDelete
  98. Protecting you… starts with protecting your laptop. That’s why our essential laptop protection defends against viruses, ransomware, phishing, spyware, dangerous websites and more.
    i have kaspersky activation code

    ReplyDelete
  99. Kaspersky antivirus is one of the best online security program if you are looking for an antivirus for your computer and mobile. You can get this program at kaspersky download already purchased

    ReplyDelete
  100. kaspersky download and install – As people all around the world

    carry out their everyday work on their official and personal computers, they

    require total security against all kinds of threats that these virus files

    can cause. Using kaspersky internet security make you feel safe and provides

    you the safety shields to stop malicious files from entering in the Desktop,

    laptop, smart phones via malware, , root-kit, spyware and Trojan horses.

    ReplyDelete
  101. Thanks, for such a great post. I have tried and found it really helpful.
    download bitdefender free

    ReplyDelete

  102. I was very pleased to find this site. I wanted to thank you for this great read!! I definitely enjoyed every little bit of it and I have you bookmarked to check out the new stuff you post.
    Epson Communication Error

    ReplyDelete
  103. Whatever we gathered information from the blogs, we should implement that in practically then only we can understand that exact thing clearly, but it’s no need to do it, Tableau Online Course because you have explained the concepts very well. It was crystal clear, keep sharing..

    ReplyDelete
  104. This is the exact information I am been searching for, Thanks for sharing the required infos with the clear update and required points.ccc online test 2020 in hindi

    ReplyDelete
  105. This is the exact information I am been searching for, Thanks for sharing the required infos with the clear update and required points. To appreciate this I like to share some useful information regarding Microsoft Azure which is latest and newest,

    Regards,
    Geometry Dash APK Download
    CCleaner Pro APK
    AVG Cleaner Pro
    AVG Cleaner Pro
    AVG Cleaner Pro

    ReplyDelete

  106. I was very pleased to find this site. I wanted to thank you for this great read!! I definitely enjoyed every little bit of it and I have you bookmarked to check out the new stuff you post.
    Epson Printer Error Code 0x9a

    ReplyDelete

  107. Thanks for this. I really like what you've posted here and wish you the best of luck with this blog!
    Canon Printer Error Code 6000

    ReplyDelete

  108. I was very pleased to find this site. I wanted to thank you for this great read!! I definitely enjoyed every little bit of it and I have you bookmarked to check out the new stuff you post.
    Epson Printer Error Code 0xe8

    ReplyDelete
  109. Thank you for this great article i learn a lot from your article keep it up. 9xmovies

    khatrimaza

    movierulz

    tamilrockers

    ReplyDelete

HOME

HOME
Click here to return to the US Slave Home Page